Process economy the capital cost of an explosive forming facility are reported as being less than that of a conventional facility of equal capability by a factor ranging from 10. Q2 a describe with figures the process of electro hydraulic forming b discuss advantages and limitations of explosive forming. A sudden electrical discharge in the form of sparks is produced between electrodes and this discharge produces a shock wave in the water medium. Today we will learn about explosion welding principle, working, types, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. Special forming process sheet metal explosive material. Explosive forming for a good recent overview, the reader is referred to 1 is therefore explored to assess the potential of this essentially cold forming process, based on the idea that all. Contentscontinued criteria for nondod explosives activities ae operations and storage on u. Explosive forming definition of explosive forming by the.
The pressure of this shock wave is sufficient to form metal sheet. Electrohydraulic forming ehf is a highrate forming process based upon the highvoltage discharge of capacitors between two. Explosive forming is a type of metalworking that can be used to shape very large workpieces. Explosive forming is the forming of sheet metal using explosive materials using large amounts of energy over a very short time. Explosive forming is a process in which forces produced by an explosion are used to shape a workpiece. Process the rapid change in explosive in to gas produce a shock wave. Huge capacitors are charged up for days, then the charge released into a column of water, which divides into h2, exploding, and o2, which supports the combustion. It works upon the theory of super plasticity, which means that capability that some materials have. Explosive forming is a metalworking technique in which an explosive charge is used instead of a punch or press.
The forming processes are affected by the rates of strain used. If it didnt come off in the explosion it wont come off in service is the accepted guarantee of this repeatable. The application of explosive welding has unique advantages in joining metals that would frequently be incompatible, such as titanium or zirconium and steel. A method of explosive forming process for making a palm.
A vacuum vessel forming study was recently completed by aleksandr georgiyevskiy and a team of engineers and scientists from the national aerospace university in kharkov, ukraine khai and the kharkov institute for physics and technology kipt. Explosive forming process pdf explosive material metals. Various techniques explosive forming operations can be divided into two groups, depending on the position of the explosive charge relative to the work piece. Electrohydraulic forming ehf process is one of the highspeed forming which uses the high voltage. Explosion welding is also a solid state welding process in which the welding occurs without application of external. Explosive forming a method of forming metals, mainly sheet metals, in which pressure is created by the force of the blast of a high explosive, powder, or gaseous mixture through a transmitting medium. Detonating a charge above the plate rapidly forces the metal into the desired shape. Tm technologies faqs explosive forming sheet metal. It is the wish of each powder metallurgist to posses presses with great capacities developing high pressures. This process can deliver a great deal of flexibility in the metal forming process. Dynamite undergoes a normal aging process which rarely affects the energy output but can affect the appearance and sensitivity.
Schematic illustration of the explosive forming process. However, it has been shown that high pressure alone is. Da pam 38564 ammunition and explosives safety standards. Nitroglycerin products are the most susceptible to deterioration during storage. Since the forming of the metal occurs so quickly, desirable materials for herf will be ductile at high deformation speeds. Explosive forming is best described as a these shortrun applications are the short lead process in which metal parts are formed by the times required and minimum expenditures for high pressures resulting from the detonation of tooling. Explosive forming article about explosive forming by the. High energy rate forming herf processes introduction. Applications and capabilities of explosive forming. Advanced welding processes details of electron beam welding ebw laser beam welding lbw ultrasonic welding usw 6 4. This presentation will focus on the different uses and methods of explosive forming in the aerospace as well as automotive industry. The workpiece is reshaped by high intensity pulsed magnetic fields that induce a current in the workpiece and a corresponding repulsive magnetic field, rapidly repelling portions of the workpiece. You may not receive a firearm if prohibited by federal or state law. Introduction super plastic forming is a metalworking process for forming sheet metal.
The workpiece is completely or partially subjected to plastic deformation during the forming operation. It is typically used in cases where the metal is too large or thick for a traditional press or punch method to be cost effective. Forward request to nossa though ico using websar, the nossa online application for explosives sars. Explosive forming definition and meaning collins english. The underwater process relied on a mold for the part over which was placed a plate of the metal alloy to be used.
The experiment is most convincing if a train of commercial black powder leads into a train of this laboratory powder, and the black powder is ignited by means of a piece of black match leading from the end of the train and. Advanced metal forming processes details of high energy rate forming herf process electromagnetic forming, explosive forming electrohydraulic forming stretch forming 4. Oct 25, 2016 advantages o it can simulate a variety of other conventional metal forming techniques such as stamp or pressforming and spinforming in a single operation. Improved lubrication if lubricating film is maintained. Leader of the department of the navy don explosives safety site approval esa process improvement integrated product team ipt. Alternative explosion formed joint of highstrength tube and sleeve. Factors to be considered while selecting an herf process.
This paper discusses the experiences, techniques, and findings applicable to explosive forming undertaken at martindenver. Bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives. Explosive forming free download as powerpoint presentation. Distributed quarterly to all members of the institute of explosives engineers. The peak pressure, p, due to explosion, generated in water, is given by expression p kw12ra where p is in psi. Sheet metal forming processes and equipment machinemfg.
Many difficult to form materials like titanium and tungsten alloys, can be deformed under high strain rates. Process safety management for explosives and pyrotechnics. Speed forming electromagnetic, electrohydraulic, and. Introduction to explosives for official use only c4. The explosive energy replaces the male part of the tool that is used in regular forming processes. The explosive metal forming process this technique uses the energy generated by an explosive detonation to form the metal work piece. Q1 a discuss the development of non conventional machining processes. Standoff method in this method, the explosive charge is located at some predetermined distance from the workpiece and the energy is transmitted through an intervening medium like air, oil, or water. These clad materials are commonly used today in chemical process vessel construc tion. The characteristics of this process are similar to those of explosive forming.
Brief introduction to electromagnetic forming cornet. You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one thats only in the merriamwebster unabridged dictionary. The sheet metals used in this work are 1 mm thick 5182o al and dp600 steel. Because of this flexibility, explosive forming has historically been employed in the aerospace industry for prototyping of. Explosive forming between 1968 and 1972, arpa supported an effort proposed by the university of denver to use explosives for forming metal parts for aerospace applications. Q2 a describe with figures the process of electro hydraulic forming b discuss advantages and limitations of explosive. Electromagnetic forming em forming or magneforming is a type of high velocity, cold forming process for electrically conductive metals, most commonly copper and aluminium. Creep forming of almgsc alloys for aeronautic and space. Brief introduction to electromagnetic forming emf is a comparably new and attractive technology, which is especially promising for joining welding, forming and cutting of tubular or sheet metal components. To enhance the material performance, a high energy rate forming technique is of great importance to industry, which relies on a long and trouble free forming process. Explosive hydroforming, also known as herf high energy rate forming or exploform, is a striking alternative to the more traditional process of metal hydroforming. Or the shaping or modifying of metals by means of explosions. Basinless explosive forming is a promising process. Explosive forming process high energy rate forming.
The study recommended explosive forming as the preferred process for vacuum vessel forming. On the other hand, labour costs per part can be appreciably higher for explosive forming. Chapter i properties of explosives an explosive is a material. Atf form 4473 firearms transaction record revisions. The resulting mixture, made into a train, burns fairly rapidly but by no means in a single flash. Security screening and evaluation record for use of this form, see ar 19011. Explosive forming process pdf free download as pdf file. The metallurgical properties of almgsc alloys mean that it is possible to form components at higher temperatures than those commonly used for age creep forming of 2xxx, 6xxx and 7xxx components. Inexplosive definition of inexplosive by merriamwebster. Electrohydraulic forming of near net shape automotive panels.
Gathering information to design a 28 conceptual site model and establishing sampling and analysis objectives. Little or no material is removed during the forming process. A process variant of electromagnetic sheet forming, known as radial lorentz force augmented deep drawing, has been recently developed to promote the material flow control in highvelocity forming. It can be used on materials for which a press setup would be prohibitively large or require an unreasonably high pressure, and is generally much cheaper than building a large enough and sufficiently highpressure press. The temperature of work is increases due to adiabatic heating. Department of the navy explosives safety site approval.
Handbook on the management of ordnance and explosives at. Generic safe work procedures are discouraged as they may tend to overlook specific circumstances such as location, weather, knowledge and experience required, time of day, other equipment involved, etc. Unlike this older method, which shapes metal using pressurized hydraulic fluid pumped into a forming chamber, herf techniques utilize an explosive charge to create the necessary pressure. High energy rate forming high energy rate forming is the forming of sheet metal by a high energy surge, delivered over a very short time. Explosive forming operations can be divided into two groups, depending on the position of the explosive charge relative to the workpiece. However, we cannot find any examples of work pieces making the best use of the merit in literatures until now. Specific storage and testing guidelines for peroxide forming chemicals 4.
The information you provide will be used to determine whether you are prohibited from. Army garrisons or installations 810, page 64 subdivision of explosives quantities 811, page 65 interpolation and extrapolation 812, page 65 measuring distance 8, page 65 ammunition and explosives risk 814, page 66 blast considerations 815, page 66. A punch in conventional forming is replaced by an explosive charge. On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. The cutouts in the end walls make it possible to use a reinforced chamber at two or more work stations, thereby saving shop space. The revised form is available to either download or order online. Explosive forming has been used in past in rocket and aviation technology for forming sizable structural parts, in rail transport and many other branches of human activity.
Thermal deburring tem thermal energy method explosive. These explosive forming experiments were conducted using free forming techniques. Explosive manufacturers specify the storage properties or shelf life of their products, based on normal magazine conditions ici 1997. Explosive forming definition of explosive forming at. Mar 25, 20 super plastic forming and explosive forming 1. Pdf results are presented of the development of explosive forming technology for metal sheets and plates. When completed, this form is considered personal in nature and should be protected by a for official use only cover sheet.
Numerical study of electrohydraulic forming using sheet. Cole and 2002 bali nightclub bombings recommended in alqaedas traditional curriculum of explosives training. Thermal deburring tem thermal energy method explosive deburring overview of the process, its limitations and effects. Explosive forming can be used for forming parts on the scale of a few inches to up to 15 feetthe main limitations are the initiation of uniform detonation and the size of the holding tank. Numerical study of electrohydraulic forming using sheet aluminium alloys mina woo1, hakgon noh1, hyeonggyu park1, hongkyo kim1 and jeong kim1,a 1department of aerospace engineering, pusan national university, republic of korea abstract. Explosive forming is old, probably back in the 1940s it was really refined.
An investigation into the creep forming process was performed at the eads crc germany in order to find a forming solution. A discussion of development of scaling laws and their application in explosive forming. Because of this flexibility, explosive forming has historically been employed in the aerospace industry for prototyping of complex parts. Websar will automatically route and complete the nossa part ii, nossa form 8020. Intuitively, it may be assumed that the great pressures produced by various types of explosives used in bonding and forming processes could bring the metal plates together so forcefully that welding would naturally occur. The charge drives the dieplate into the metal, which is backed by the reciprocal plate. Comparison explosive forming in explosive forming an explosive charge is.